Red light therapy primarily uses light in the wavelength range of 600 - 700 nm. This specific range of wavelengths has been found to have unique and beneficial effects on the body's cells, particularly on the mitochondria.
Mitochondria contain a molecule called cytochrome c oxidase, which is a key component of the electron transport chain involved in ATP production. Red light in the 600 - 700 nm range is highly absorbed by cytochrome c oxidase. When cytochrome c oxidase absorbs red light, it causes a series of changes within the mitochondria.
One of the most significant effects is an increase in the production of ATP. By enhancing the function of the electron transport chain, red light stimulates the mitochondria to produce more ATP. This increased energy availability within the cell has far - reaching consequences. For example, in skin cells, more ATP means that the cells have more energy for processes such as cell division, collagen synthesis, and the repair of damaged tissues. Collagen is a protein that is essential for maintaining the structure and elasticity of the skin. An increase in collagen synthesis can lead to a reduction in the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines, as well as an improvement in skin texture.