Constant Voltage vs. Constant Current Driving

Why Constant Current Is the Preferred Choice for High-Power Red Light LED Panels 🔴

Understanding LED Driving Methods in Red Light Panels

In red light therapy panel design, LED driving methodology plays a critical role in performance stability, safety, and lifespan.
Broadly speaking, most panels on the market use one of two approaches:

• Constant Voltage (CV) driving

• Constant Current (CC) driving

While both methods can power LEDs, their impact on high-power red light therapy systems is fundamentally different.

Constant Voltage Driving: Simple but Limited

Constant voltage driving supplies a fixed voltage (such as 12V or 24V) to the LED circuit. This approach is relatively simple in design and often lower in upfront cost.

Where Constant Voltage Is Commonly Used

• Low-power LED strips

• Decorative or ambient lighting

• Applications where precise optical output is not critical

However, LEDs are inherently current-driven components, not voltage-driven ones. Their forward voltage is not fixed — it changes with temperature, operating time, and material aging.

Risks of Constant Voltage in High-Power Red Light Panels ⚠️

In a high-power red light therapy panel, constant voltage driving introduces several technical risks:

• As LED temperature increases, forward voltage drops

• Lower forward voltage allows more current to flow unintentionally

• Increased current leads to additional heat generation

This feedback loop can result in:

▪️ Uneven brightness across the panel
▪️ Elevated thermal stress on LED chips
▪️ PCB overheating
▪️ Accelerated lumen degradation
▪️ Premature LED or driver failure

This phenomenon, often referred to as thermal runaway, is one of the primary failure modes in poorly designed high-power LED systems.

Constant Current Driving: Precision and Stability by Design

Constant current driving actively regulates the current flowing through the LEDs, automatically adjusting voltage as needed to maintain a fixed current level.

This aligns perfectly with the electrical nature of LEDs and offers clear advantages in demanding applications.

Key Advantages of Constant Current Driving

• Consistent and uniform light output across all LEDs

• Stable irradiance levels throughout each treatment session

• Protection against thermal runaway

• Reduced electrical and thermal stress on both LEDs and PCB

• Longer operational lifespan with predictable performance

Even as LEDs heat up or age over time, a constant current driver ensures that output remains stable and within safe operating limits.

Constant Voltage vs. Constant Current: Practical Comparison

This is why constant current driving is widely regarded as the industry standard for professional, high-power photobiomodulation systems.

Why Professional Manufacturers Choose Constant Current

Across the red light therapy industry, experienced manufacturers prioritize long-term performance over short-term cost savings.

At iLUXRED, we design our panels with constant current driving because it delivers:

• Reliable, repeatable therapeutic output

• Better thermal management for long sessions

• Consistent performance over years of use

• Lower failure rates in real-world environments

For clinical users, wellness centers, and serious home users, consistency matters more than marginal cost reductions.

Cost vs. Value: A Long-Term Perspective 💡

While constant voltage designs may reduce initial manufacturing costs, they often result in:

• Faster performance degradation

• Increased warranty claims

• Inconsistent user experience

Constant current systems, by contrast, provide true value over the product’s lifespan, especially in high-power red light therapy applications where safety and reliability are non-negotiable.

Final Takeaway

In red light LED panel design, how the LEDs are driven is just as important as wavelength and power.

Constant current driving is not a marketing feature — it is a fundamental engineering requirement for:

• Stable irradiance

• Thermal safety

• Long-term durability

That is why most professional-grade red light therapy panels on the market — including those from iLUXRED — rely on constant current drivers to ensure consistent, dependable performance year after year.